A journey through Morocco offers a deep dive into Islamic architecture and Berber culture, but a visit to Volubilis transports you to another era entirely. The ancient Roman city of Volubilis is a UNESCO World Heritage site and the best-preserved archaeological site in Morocco. It offers a fascinating window into the country's pre-Islamic past and the far-reaching influence of the Roman Empire.

The History of Volubilis

Long before the arrival of the Romans, Volubilis was an ancient Amazigh (Berber) city, likely the capital of the Kingdom of Mauretania. It was annexed by the Roman Empire around 44 AD and grew into a prosperous outpost, producing grain and olive oil that were exported back to Rome. The city was abandoned in the 3rd century but was inhabited for centuries after, only falling into ruin after an earthquake in the 18th century.

What to See: Mosaics and Monuments

The magic of Volubilis lies in its stunningly preserved ruins, set against a backdrop of rolling green hills.

  • The Mosaics: The absolute highlight of Volubilis is its collection of intricate and colorful floor mosaics. Still in their original locations within the ruined villas of the city's wealthy residents, they depict scenes from Roman mythology, such as the Labors of Hercules and Orpheus charming animals with his lyre.
  • The Triumphal Arch: Standing proudly at the end of the city's main street, the Decumanus Maximus, this arch was built in 217 AD in honor of the Emperor Caracalla.
  • The Capitol, Basilica, and Forum: At the heart of the city, you can explore the remains of the main public buildings where the civic and religious life of Volubilis took place.

Planning Your Visit

Volubilis is an easy and popular day trip, most commonly from the nearby imperial city of Meknes (about 30 minutes away) or from Fes (about 1.5 hours away). You can hire a grand taxi for the trip.

  • Hire a Guide: To fully appreciate the history and stories behind the ruins, hiring an official guide at the entrance is highly recommended.
  • Best Time to Go: The site is very exposed. To avoid the harsh midday sun, it's best to visit in the morning or late afternoon. Spring is particularly beautiful when the surrounding landscape is covered in wildflowers.

A visit to Volubilis adds an incredible historical layer to your Moroccan adventure, connecting you to an ancient past that shaped the story of North Africa long before the rise of the great imperial cities.